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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuβə̑laltam | om kuβə̑lalt |
| 2SG: | kuβə̑laltat | ot kuβə̑lalt |
| 3SG: | kuβə̑lalteš | ok/ogeš kuβə̑lalt |
| 1PL: | kuβə̑laltə̑na | ona/ogə̑na kuβə̑lalt |
| 2PL: | kuβə̑laltə̑da | oda/ogə̑da kuβə̑lalt |
| 3PL: | kuβə̑laltə̑t | ogə̑t kuβə̑lalt |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuβə̑laltə̑m | šə̑m kuβə̑lalt |
| 2SG: | kuβə̑laltə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kuβə̑lalt |
| 3SG: | kuβə̑lalte | ə̑š kuβə̑lalt |
| 1PL: | kuβə̑laltna | ə̑šna kuβə̑lalt |
| 2PL: | kuβə̑laltda | ə̑šda kuβə̑lalt |
| 3PL: | kuβə̑laltə̑č́ | ə̑št kuβə̑lalt |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuβə̑laltə̑nam | kuβə̑laltə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kuβə̑laltə̑nat | kuβə̑laltə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kuβə̑laltə̑n | kuβə̑laltə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kuβə̑laltə̑nna | kuβə̑laltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kuβə̑laltə̑nda | kuβə̑laltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kuβə̑laltə̑nə̑t | kuβə̑laltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuβə̑laltam ə̑l'e | om kuβə̑lalt ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kuβə̑laltat ə̑l'e | ot kuβə̑lalt ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kuβə̑lalteš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kuβə̑lalt ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kuβə̑laltə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kuβə̑lalt ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kuβə̑laltə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kuβə̑lalt ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kuβə̑laltə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kuβə̑lalt ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuβə̑laltam ulmaš | om kuβə̑lalt ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kuβə̑laltat ulmaš | ot kuβə̑lalt ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kuβə̑lalteš ulmaš | ok/ogeš kuβə̑lalt ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kuβə̑laltə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kuβə̑lalt ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kuβə̑laltə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kuβə̑lalt ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kuβə̑laltə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t kuβə̑lalt ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuβə̑laltə̑nam ə̑l'e | kuβə̑laltə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kuβə̑laltə̑nat ə̑l'e | kuβə̑laltə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kuβə̑laltə̑n ə̑l'e | kuβə̑laltə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kuβə̑laltə̑nna ə̑l'e | kuβə̑laltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kuβə̑laltə̑nda ə̑l'e | kuβə̑laltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kuβə̑laltə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | kuβə̑laltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuβə̑laltə̑nam ulmaš | kuβə̑laltə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kuβə̑laltə̑nat ulmaš | kuβə̑laltə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kuβə̑laltə̑n ulmaš | kuβə̑laltə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kuβə̑laltə̑nna ulmaš | kuβə̑laltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kuβə̑laltə̑nda ulmaš | kuβə̑laltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kuβə̑laltə̑nə̑t ulmaš | kuβə̑laltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kuβə̑lalt | it kuβə̑lalt |
| 3SG: | kuβə̑laltše | ə̑nže kuβə̑lalt |
| 1PL: | (kuβə̑laltə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na kuβə̑lalt) |
| 2PL: | kuβə̑laltsa | ida kuβə̑lalt |
| 3PL: | kuβə̑laltə̑št | ə̑nə̑št kuβə̑lalt |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuβə̑laltnem | ə̑nem kuβə̑lalt |
| 2SG: | kuβə̑laltnet | ə̑net kuβə̑lalt |
| 3SG: | kuβə̑laltneže | ə̑než kuβə̑lalt |
| 1PL: | kuβə̑laltnena | ə̑nena kuβə̑lalt |
| 2PL: | kuβə̑laltneda | ə̑neda kuβə̑lalt |
| 3PL: | kuβə̑laltnešt | ə̑nešt kuβə̑lalt |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuβə̑laltnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kuβə̑lalt ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kuβə̑laltnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kuβə̑lalt ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kuβə̑laltneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kuβə̑lalt ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kuβə̑laltnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kuβə̑lalt ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kuβə̑laltneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kuβə̑lalt ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kuβə̑laltnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kuβə̑lalt ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kuβə̑laltnet ulmaš | ə̑net kuβə̑lalt ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kuβə̑laltneže ulmaš | ə̑než kuβə̑lalt ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kuβə̑laltneda ulmaš | ə̑neda kuβə̑lalt ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kuβə̑laltnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kuβə̑lalt ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kuβə̑laltaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kuβə̑laltman |
| Active participle: | kuβə̑laltše |
| Passive participle: | kuβə̑laltme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kuβə̑laltšaš |
| Negative participle: | kuβə̑laltdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kuβə̑laltə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | kuβə̑laltde |
| Gerund of prior action: | kuβə̑laltmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kuβə̑laltmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kuβə̑laltšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kuβə̑laltmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | kuβə̑laltdə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||